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For the prevention of colorectal cancer also know as colon cancer or bowel cancer you can take some easy precautions.

Tobacco is by far the single most important cause of cancer in developed countries. When it is chewed it can cause cancers of the mouth and esophagus and when tobacco is smoked it is a major cause of cancers of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, larynx, lung, pancreas, renal pelvis, and bladder. For these eight type of cancers epidemiological evidence indicates that prolonged smoking of average numbers of cigarettes per day increases the risk 3 to 20 times. It is also now clear that cigarette smoking also causes a proportion of several other types of cancer, increasing the incidence up to twice that in non-smokers: namely, cancers of the lip, nose, nasopharynx, stomach, liver, renal and myeloid leukemia. Although the proportional increases are not large, the consistency of the findings in different countries, the evidence of dose response relationships, the lower mortality in ex-smokers than in continuing smokers confirm the relationship between these type of cancers and tobacco.

In sum, smoking is estimated to have caused 30 per cent of all fatal cancers in the United Kingdom in 2005, down from 34 per cent 20 years earlier. The reduction was substantial in men (down from 52 per cent to 40 per cent) but it was largely counteracted by the increase in women (from 12 per cent to 20 per cent). In men, there have been decreases in some developed countries, but increases in others, particularly in central and eastern Europe. In women, the proportion of cancer deaths attributed to smoking was generally low in 1985, but has subsequently increased in all the developed countries and must be expected to increase further.

Tobacco related cancer cases are however lower in countries such as France, where very few middle-aged or elderly women had been smoking for long enough time for any material effect to be produced. In developing countries, the effects of smoking have only recently begun to be studied systematically and much remains unclear. In general, women in developing countries do not smoke or if they do they smoke very little. In men, however, there has been a very large increase in cigarette consumption, the full effects of which is yet to materialize. China, with 20 per cent of the world’s population, smokes 30 per cent of the world’s cigarettes and by 2000 smoking was already responsible for about 20 per cent of male cancer deaths in China.

In India many men have been smoked ‘bidis’ (small home-manufactured cigarettes) for decades. There the proportion of occurrence of cancer may be even greater. It is chiefly because in India there is a widespread of habit of chewing quids containing betel and tobacco. Smoking can act as an aggravating factor for the cause of cancers of the mouth, esophagus, or stomach in those who habitually chew such quids containing betel and tobacco. In some parts of South America, the male lung cancer rates from smoking are already as high as in developed countries. Overall, tobacco may be causing about as many cancer deaths in developing as in developed countries. On the whole tobacco would be responsible for about 20 per cent of cancer deaths throughout the world.

What is Cancer

Cancer is any malignant growth caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division. It is a class of diseases characterized by out-of-control cell growth. There are many different types of cancer; each is classified by the type of cell that is initially affected. Cancer is harmful to the body when damaged cells divide uncontrollably to form lumps of tissue called tumors, which can grow and with the digestive, nervous, and circulatory systems, and they can release hormones alter body function. When a tumor spreads to other parts of the body and grows and destroying other healthy tissues, it is said to have metastasized, which results a serious condition

Classification of Cancer

Cancer is classified as below categories.

• Carcinomas are cancers by cells that cover internal and external parts of the body include lung, breast, and colon cancer.
• Sarcomas are characterized by cells that are located in bones, cartilage, fat, connective tissue, muscles, and other supportive tissues.
• Lymphomas are cancers which begin in the lymph nodes and immune system tissues.
• Leukemia’s are cancers which start in the bone marrow and often accumulate in the bloodstream
• Adenomas are cancers arise in the thyroid, the pituitary gland, the adrenal gland, and other glandular tissues.

Cancers are often referred by terms contain a prefix related to the cell type, cancer originated and a suffix such as sarcoma, carcinoma.

General symptoms of Cancer

Cancer is a disease that can give many symptoms or signs of an entirely different type of illness. Cancer cells will develop in organs where they will not manifest themselves so that; a tumor often doesn’t produce symptoms. Some cancer types create symptoms as below.

Excess in Fatigue changes occur in bowel movements, Pain with cancer, which are usually cancers of the bones, colon, and ovary. Unexpected loss of weight, chronic indigestion is a symptom of tumors in the stomach. Any symptom should not be ignored and for further check up, it is recommended that to see a physician.

How Cancer Diagnosed

Early detection of cancer can improve the odds of successful treatment. To diagnose cancer, physicians use information from symptoms and several other procedures.

Doctors conduct an endoscope, which is a procedure that uses a small tube with a camera and light at one end, to look for abnormalities inside the body imaging techniques means, X-rays, CT scans, MRI scans, PET scans, and ultrasound scans are used regularly to detect where the tumor is located and what organs will be affected by it. Absolute way to diagnose cancer is extracting cancer cells and looking at them under a microscope is the only, which is called a biopsy. To diagnose cancer, molecular diagnostics, biopsies, and imaging techniques are all used together.